Panorama epidemiológico de urolitíase na população feminina do Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53843/bktgjd68Keywords:
Urolithiasis, Women, brazilAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Urolithiasis is characterized by the formation of stones in the urinary tract, influenced by metabolic and genetic conditions, affecting 5% to 15% of the global population. In Brazil, the incidence of urolithiasis among women has increased, necessitating an epidemiological analysis to improve public health policies. The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiology of urolithiasis in women in Brazil from 2017 to 2022, focusing on morbidity and mortality. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study using data from SIH-SUS and SIM-SUS from DATASUS, analyzing hospitalizations and deaths due to urolithiasis in women aged 15 to 80 years or older in the five Brazilian regions. Variables included age group, race/color, and type of care (elective or emergency).RESULTS: It was observed that 70% of hospitalizations for urolithiasis were emergencies, with the highest incidence in the age group of 30-39 years and a predominance of white women (55%). The Southeast region recorded 49% of cases. Mortality was higher among women aged 80 years or older (21%) and was predominant in the Southeast region (50%). Most deaths occurred due to calculi of the kidney and ureter (97.2%), with a predominance in white women (62%).DISCUSSION: The high incidence of urolithiasis in white women may be attributed to socioeconomic factors and access to healthcare. The prevalence in the Southeast region reflects dietary habits and lifestyle. Gender analysis showed a gradual change in the epidemiological profile, with women being more vulnerable to urinary stones due to hormonal and socioeconomic factors. CONCLUSION: The research reaffirms the need for public policies focused on the prevention of urolithiasis through health education, improvements in dietary habits, and encouragement of adequate hydration. The high prevalence of emergency cases and mortality in women highlights the urgency of specific interventions to improve quality of life and reduce morbidity and mortality.
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